Paphiopedilum fairrieanum

Paphiopedilum fairrieanum (Lindl.) Stein is a compact, cool-growing Paphiopedilum native to the eastern Himalayas, including Bhutan, Assam and northeastern India. It occurs at approximately 1,400–2,200 m elevation, growing terrestrially in leaf litter and humus and also on limestone outcrops.

It is especially prized for its distinctive white, green and purple flowers, with a large, recurved dorsal sepal and elegant, undulating petals. The plant forms a compact clump of narrow, leathery green leaves and usually produces one flower per stem. Flowers can reach approximately 9–10 cm across.

Care Tips:

• Light: Provide bright, filtered light. Avoid strong hot midday sun. AOS recommends roughly 1,000–2,000 foot-candles for Paphiopedilums.
• Watering: Keep the medium evenly moist but not constantly wet. Because Paphiopedilums lack pseudobulbs, avoid prolonged drying.
• Growing Medium: Use a moisture-retentive but well-draining terrestrial orchid mix containing fine or medium bark, sphagnum and perlite. Crushed limestone can also be included because P. fairrieanum naturally grows on limestone.
• Humidity: Moderate humidity with good air circulation is suitable. Avoid stagnant, humid conditions around the crown.
• Temperature: This species prefers cooler conditions than warm-growing Paphiopedilums. Around 18–25°C (64–77°F) during the growing season, with cooler nights, is appropriate. RHS recommends approximately 20–25°C in summer and 18–22°C in winter.
• Fertilizing: Apply a diluted balanced orchid fertilizer regularly during active growth. Periodically flush the medium with clean water to prevent salt accumulation.
• Airflow: Provide gentle, continuous airflow, particularly when humidity is elevated.
• Potting: Use a relatively small pot with good drainage. Avoid allowing the plant to stand in water.
• Repotting: Repot when the medium begins to decompose, preferably when new roots are developing. RHS recommends divisions with at least three healthy rooted growths for reliable recovery.
• Flowering: A cooler growing environment, consistent moisture and good filtered light are important for reliable flowering.